In January 2012, Viti Levu endured severe rainfall and flooding that resulted in one of Fiji’s most catastrophic climate events, leading to a landslide that devastated Tukuraki village and tragically took lives. A decade later, the aftermath of that disaster continues to influence Fiji’s approach to climate relocation, now underscoring the crucial integration of gender and social inclusion.
A recent report published by Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit (GIZ) highlights these insights. Nina Sikiti from the Relocation Unit at the Ministry of Rural and Maritime Development emphasized the importance of centering gender within planning processes. After the Tukuraki community was relocated post-landslide, the new housing structures were designed as open-plan spaces that did not include separate kitchens or bedrooms. This posed challenges for women, who traditionally assume the role of caregivers and food preparers. “They often had to construct outdoor kitchens, and the absence of private bedrooms raised concerns about privacy,” Ms. Sikiti explained.
According to Paulo Baleinakorodawa, executive director of Transcend Oceania, the effects of climate change are already manifesting in Fiji. “In Fiji, the reality of climate change is not a distant threat — it is reshaping lives, homes, and futures,” he stated, pointing out the urgent need for communities to be proactive about relocation due to rising sea levels, floods, and landslides.
Baleinakorodawa further noted that the concept of relocation extends beyond mere geographical displacement; it encompasses the preservation of culture, identity, and social connections. Vani Catanasiga, executive director of the Fiji Council of Social Services, highlighted that while women’s presence in discussions is growing, their influence is still limited by traditional practices that constrain their decision-making roles.
However, despite existing challenges, women are assuming leadership positions within adaptation initiatives. For instance, in Cogea village, women played a crucial role in maintaining communal support during relocation negotiations, eventually securing international funds for climate-smart agriculture projects. “When women are included in dialogues, relocation planning becomes more holistic,” Baleinakorodawa noted.
Fiji has made significant strides by embedding planned relocation into law through the Climate Change Act of 2021. Experts stress that prioritizing gender equality and preserving dignity will be essential as more communities grapple with climate-induced relocations. This forward-thinking approach is not only paving the way for better outcomes in disaster response but also serves as an exemplary model for other regions facing similar challenges, emphasizing that inclusive planning is key to resilience in the face of climate change.
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