Constitutional lawyer Jon Apted has raised significant concerns regarding the electoral framework in Fiji, particularly focusing on Section 53 of the Constitution, which he describes as “extremely problematic.” During his presentation at the Attorney-General’s Conference in Nadi, Apted emphasized that this section mandates a multi-member open-list system of proportional representation, utilizing a single national electoral roll comprising all registered voters.
This framework has resulted in Fiji effectively operating as a single large constituency, where parliamentary elections are conducted on a national scale. Apted argues that this arrangement is not favorable, as it neglects local representation, leaving constituents without direct advocates in Parliament to address their specific interests. He remarked, “Local people have no MP that they can go to, to protect their interests in Parliament, to advance their interests,” highlighting a crucial disadvantage of the current system.
Furthermore, Apted pointed out that the existing electoral mechanism presents substantial challenges for independent candidates due to an overly high threshold for gaining representation. Additionally, should a by-election be necessary following the resignation or disqualification of an independent, the election would encompass the entire nation, resulting in a costly process.
He noted that the current setup favors political party leaders, where votes are concentrated around them and then redistributed among party members. This can lead to situations where some Members of Parliament (MPs) hold office with very few votes—some attaining positions with only 600 to 1,000 votes. This raises questions about their legitimacy, as constituents may feel disconnected from representatives who do not reflect their localized concerns.
Apted also critiqued the constitutional foundation for the single-constituency approach, arguing that while Section 53 implies a national electoral model, it does not explicitly mandate it. He believes that the Constitution lacks provisions for demarcating the country into distinct constituencies, further complicating the electoral process.
This discussion sheds light on potential reforms that could enhance representation and accountability within Fiji’s political landscape. The hope remains that by addressing these electoral issues, the system can evolve to better serve the interests of all Fiji’s citizens.
Ultimately, Apted’s insights contribute positively to the ongoing dialogue about electoral reform in Fiji, encouraging a deeper examination of representative practices that could lead to a more engaged and localized political environment.
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