As Fiji navigates its economic landscape for the next decade, agriculture has regained its essential significance, particularly with the introduction of the Ministry of Agriculture’s Non-Sugar Agriculture Sector Policy for 2025-2035. This policy aims to enhance the role of the non-sugar agriculture sector, which currently accounts for 7% of Fiji’s GDP and supports the livelihoods of roughly one-third of the nation’s population.
Key commodities like yaqona (kava), taro, cassava, poultry, and beef are crucial in maintaining local diets and generating export revenue. Nonetheless, the sector faces a series of challenges including a growing dependency on food imports, which in 2023, reached $1.1 billion compared to agricultural exports totaling only $343.4 million. This imbalance highlights an urgent need for improved domestic production capabilities.
The COVID-19 pandemic momentarily boosted the non-sugar agriculture sector, with its GDP contribution peaking at 8.2% in 2021 as tourism declines pushed workers towards farming. However, as tourism has rebounded, agricultural productivity has waned, signaling a potential risk of reversing recent labor gains. The policy identifies critical areas that require addressing, including supply inconsistencies, poor quality, and the need for enhanced food safety standards.
The link between agriculture and tourism presents untapped potential. Research indicates that better coordination between farmers and the tourism industry could significantly enhance local sourcing, thus reducing reliance on imported foods. Unfortunately, rural poverty remains a pressing issue, with a staggering 41.5% of the rural population living below the poverty line.
Fiji’s underutilized arable land—only 15% is currently farmed—reinforces the necessity for reforms in land access and farming practices. High input costs, aging farmers (with over 57% older than 40), and minimal youth involvement pose further challenges. In particular, young women face limited opportunities due to societal norms restricting access to land and financial resources.
With a commitment to sustainable farming practices, including better resource management and climate resilience measures, the new policy aims to transform Fiji’s agricultural environment. It seeks to empower youth and female farmers, enhancing participation and promoting modern farming techniques.
This proactive effort coincides with recent initiatives to diversify crops, improve market access, and invest in agricultural education. By addressing challenges and fostering a collaborative framework among stakeholders, the future of Fiji’s agriculture sector can align more closely with domestic food security and economic growth.
The convergence of government initiatives and active community involvement holds promise for rejuvenating Fiji’s agricultural sector. Through strategic planning and investment, there is a hopeful outlook for strengthening local food systems and establishing a prosperous agricultural economy that benefits all Fijians.
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