Eye health is a critical public health issue in Fiji, where delivering eye care remains challenging in rural and remote communities. With a population of about 900,000, Fiji faces a high burden of cataracts, a leading cause of preventable blindness that disproportionately affects older adults.
Cataracts stand out as the dominant cause of vision loss in Fiji, particularly among those over 40. It is estimated that cataracts account for a significant portion of avoidable blindness in the country, with about 2.6% of the adult population aged 40 and older affected by blindness related to cataracts and the condition responsible for more than 70% of blindness in this age group. These figures underscore cataracts as a major public health priority in Fiji. Efforts from the Fiji Ministry of Health & Medical Services, in collaboration with regional partners, highlight the ongoing work to address this issue and expand access to care.
What cataracts are and why they matter
A cataract occurs when the eye’s natural lens becomes cloudy, causing blurred or dim vision. It typically develops gradually and may not produce obvious symptoms at first. Left untreated, cataracts can progress to significant vision impairment or blindness, reducing independence and daily functioning. Fortunately, cataracts are highly treatable with surgery, which can restore clear vision for most patients.
Causes, risk factors, and symptoms
While aging is the most common driver of cataracts, several factors can accelerate their development:
– Age: Most cataracts start after age 40, with risk increasing over time.
– Diabetes: High blood sugar can speed up cataract formation.
– UV exposure: Prolonged sun exposure without eye protection increases risk.
– Smoking and alcohol use: Both raise oxidative stress in the eye.
– Trauma or injury: Eye damage can lead to cataracts.
– Medications: Long-term use of steroids and certain drugs can contribute.
– Genetics: Family history can elevate risk.
Cataracts often progress quietly, but common symptoms to watch for include:
– Blurred, cloudy, or dim vision
– Difficulty seeing at night
– Increased sensitivity to light and glare
– Fading or yellowing of colors
– Frequent changes in eyeglass or contact lens prescriptions
– Double vision in one eye
– Halos around lights
Getting checked and treated
If vision problems persist or any symptoms appear, seek an eye examination promptly. Early detection helps manage symptoms and plan appropriate treatment. Diagnosis typically involves a comprehensive eye exam, including visual acuity testing, a slit-lamp exam to examine the cornea, iris, and lens, and a retinal exam after pupil dilation. In the early stages, vision can sometimes be helped with updated glasses, anti-glare sunglasses, or improved lighting. In advanced cases, surgery is the most effective treatment.
Cataract surgery: what to expect
Cataract surgery is a safe, common procedure in which the cloudy lens is replaced with an artificial intraocular lens. The operation is usually performed under local anesthesia and lasts about 15 to 30 minutes, with most patients noticing improved vision within a few days after recovery.
Cataract care in Fiji today
In Fiji, cataract treatment is available through government hospitals, private eye clinics, and NGOs, including the Pacific Eye Institute in Suva, and other private facilities. The country hosts ongoing initiatives to improve access to eye care, including free screenings and surgical interventions, often supported by international partners and philanthropic groups.
What’s happening to address the cataract burden
Several coordinated efforts across Fiji are helping expand access to eye care and reduce the burden of cataracts:
– Free eye screenings and glasses programs: Nationwide campaigns have reached thousands, with large outreach drives screening tens of thousands of people and providing on-site glasses where possible.
– School- and community-based screening: Initiatives in central divisions and rural areas have screened large cohorts of students and teachers, identifying those in need of care and linking them to follow-up services.
– International and local collaborations: Partnerships among Island Eye Clinic, New Vision of Fiji, Island Medical Centre, and international medical teams are rolling out free eye screenings and referral pathways in rural and underserved communities.
– Cataract surges in private philanthropy: Chinese medical teams have supported Pacific Island nations with free clinics and cataract surgeries, helping hundreds of patients and inspiring renewed confidence in local health infrastructure.
– Personal success stories: Individuals who have received cataract surgery report restored vision and greater independence, reinforcing the positive impact of accessible eye care and the value of continued outreach.
A note on youth and prevention
While cataracts predominantly affect older adults, broader eye health work in Fiji also addresses refractive errors and conditions affecting children. Recent school screenings and community programs have highlighted the importance of early detection and long-term eye health strategies, including outdoor activity, reduced unsafe screen time, and regular eye examinations as children grow.
Conclusion
Cataracts remain a leading cause of vision impairment in Fiji, but they are highly treatable with modern surgical care. The country’s ongoing expansion of free screenings, school- and community-based outreach, and international collaborations are creating a hopeful path toward broader access to eye care. With continued investment, public awareness, and strong partnerships, Fiji can protect the vision of its people, improve quality of life, and reduce preventable blindness.
Optional editorial note
The combination of aging demographics, rising diabetes prevalence, and expanding access to eye care through partnerships suggests a positive trajectory for Fiji’s eye health. Continued emphasis on early detection, affordable services, and outreach to rural communities will be key to sustaining progress. A recap of recent patient stories and screening campaigns can help illustrate the tangible benefits of these efforts and encourage further participation and support.
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