The descendants of the original inhabitants of Munia Island in Vanuabalavu, Lau, are still struggling to reclaim their ancestral land, which was sold for just $400 to an American over two centuries ago. The island, covering approximately 5.3 kilometers with a coastline of 10 kilometers, was initially settled by the forefathers of the current residents of Avea Island.
The upheaval began when the Tui Cakau of that time, Ratu Galea, entered into a transaction with an American, resulting in the forceful displacement of the villagers. During a visit to Avea Island, village headman Etuate Umu detailed the ongoing financial burden placed upon his community as they seek to pay the government $450,000 to regain full ownership of Munia. The government purchased Munia in 1983 for the same amount and subsequently agreed to resell it to the Munia people.
Under a scheme launched in 1989, the residents of Munia committed to repaying this amount over 30 years, requiring annual payments of $15,000. However, they managed to pay only $30,000 in the first two years. The government later reduced the yearly payment to $7,000, and then again to $3,000, but the villagers still faced difficulties in making those payments. Over the three decades, they have been able to pay around $225,000.
Mr. Umu, now 69, highlighted the lack of stable income sources for many villagers, making it challenging to fulfill financial obligations. Many parents had to send their children to live in Mavana Village, located on the mainland about a 45-minute boat ride away, for education, which strained family resources.
He expressed hope that the remaining $225,000 would be settled by December this year, with four clan groups on the island contributing $25,000 each. Every working resident from Avea Island living elsewhere would need to contribute $1,000 as part of this effort.
Once the payment is completed, the land will revert to the trustees representing the four mataqali (clans) in freehold status. However, if the trustees fail to meet the payment terms, the agreement can be rescinded, leading to the forfeiture of all paid amounts.
The Freehold Buyback Scheme was established in 1989 to facilitate the repurchase of ancestral lands that had previously been alienated. The current community of 118 villagers descended from early migrants from Vuna, Taveuni, who initially settled on Munia under the leadership of Koroi Bo.
Historically, the island experienced turmoil in the 1860s when tribal wars led to movement back and forth between the islands. The sale to foreign interests occurred during this turbulent time, resulting in the displacement of the original inhabitants. Many elders residing on Munia during the transaction fled in fear as foreign agents occupied the island, ultimately seeking refuge in mainland Vanuabalavu.
Despite the hardships endured by the residents, the descendants of Munia Island have persevered and are now making a concerted effort to secure their ancestral heritage. Today, their voices are also echoed through local music, with several bands representing their culture and history.