Rising diabetes rates in Fiji have prompted urgent public health initiatives as experts highlight the crucial connection between diet, lifestyle, and insulin resistance. Recent studies demonstrate that high blood sugar levels, stemming from insufficient insulin function, can lead to severe health risks, including complications such as foot infections and heart disease.
Dr. Alipate Vakamocea, President of the Fiji Medical Association (FMA) and a lifestyle medicine expert, emphasized during the VegFest Fiji 2025 program that the primary issue in diabetes is not merely sugar intake, but elevated blood sugar due to problems with insulin. “Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas produces little to no insulin, while Type 2 diabetes results from insulin resistance or reduced production,” he explained. Additionally, he noted that gestational diabetes during pregnancy increases the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later in life, underscoring the importance of managing insulin function.
Dr. Vakamocea pointed out that high glucose levels can damage small blood vessels in extremities, eyes, kidneys, and the heart, leading to serious complications such as foot infections, blindness, kidney failure, and cardiovascular disease. Furthermore, he described diabetic neuropathy, which affects nerve function due to impaired blood supply, resulting in a loss of pain sensation. These complications represent significant causes of hospitalization and long-term healthcare needs in Fiji.
To address these challenges, improved data collection and screening programs are being implemented in Fiji. The upcoming World Health Organization (WHO) STEP survey is expected to deliver updated information on diabetes, hypertension, and lifestyle factors, facilitating targeted health interventions. This survey aims to identify undiagnosed cases and highlight risky behaviors, including alcohol consumption and smoking.
The Fijian government is committed to expanding screening programs to detect cases earlier. Increased awareness and educational efforts, such as the Veg Fest and public discussions, strive to reshape attitudes regarding healthy eating and exercise, challenging misleading narratives often presented in the media.
This proactive approach reflects a growing recognition of the importance of lifestyle changes in improving health outcomes and managing diabetes within the Fijian population. By prioritizing education and prevention, Fiji is paving the way towards healthier communities and a stronger public health framework.
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