A 19-year-old teenager living on the streets in Fiji has recently been identified as one of the new HIV cases. Following a referral from a doctor in a divisional hospital, he has connected with Empower Pacific, an NGO specializing in counselling and social support for individuals with HIV.
Reports indicate that many new HIV cases are referred for counselling primarily among youth experiencing homelessness. Drug use, particularly injecting crystal methamphetamine, is commonly linked to these cases. This practice, known as “bluetoothing,” involves sharing needles after injecting drugs.
The Ministry of Health and Medical Services has been collaborating with Empower Pacific to address this growing concern. Recent statistics show a total of 552 new HIV cases reported from January to June 2023, with notable concentrations in various regions: 380 in the Central Division, 151 in the Western Division, 19 in the Northern Division, and 2 in the Eastern Division.
The primary mode of transmission for HIV in Fiji has historically been sexual contact. However, recent data shows that 15 percent of new cases during this period were contracted through injectable drug use. Among these cases, 50 involve individuals aged 15 to 19 years.
The Ministry indicates that while many individuals may present to hospitals with symptoms indicative of HIV, there is often reluctance to undergo blood testing. Empower Pacific’s Fiji Facility Support Program manager, Keli Koroi, elaborated on the process of referring individuals for counselling, emphasizing the importance of pre-test counselling in educating patients about the necessity of blood tests.
In 2022, there were 37 referrals made to Empower Pacific for counselling, which increased to 47 referrals from CWM Hospital alone between January and July 2023. Koroi notes that although the numbers may appear small, the impact of providing support to individuals is significant for both the affected persons and their families, assisting in efforts to prevent further transmission of the virus.
Most current referrals involve young men, typically those living on the streets who seek medical help only when symptoms become severe. Koroi noted that many times, individuals are unaware they have contracted HIV through drug use, having attributed their infection to sexual activities instead.
The ministry also reported 13 deaths due to HIV-related illnesses in the first half of 2023, a significant decrease compared to 82 in the previous year. Efforts continue to encourage testing and early treatment for those who test positive, while also advocating for safe practices to minimize risks associated with drug use and sexual activities.
The helpline for individuals struggling with substance abuse or HIV-related issues can be reached at Empower Pacific’s 24/7 toll-free number 5626, supported by various organizations including the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs & Trade.