Many Fijians born before 2006 have experienced at least one coup, leaving a complex legacy that has not only destabilized the nation but also led to significant family displacements and increased tensions between its two main racial groups. The Coalition Government is now undertaking efforts to address these historical injustices and initiate difficult discussions about the country’s current state and future directions.
The concept of the Fiji Truth and Reconciliation Commission (TRC) may be unfamiliar to many citizens, with some expressing skepticism about its necessity. However, the establishment of such a commission is not unprecedented. Recently, nationwide consultations began to discuss the legal framework for the TRC, led by Ruben Carranza, a senior expert from the International Center for Transitional Justice. Carranza has extensive experience working on transitional justice in various countries recovering from dictatorships and conflicts, including Liberia, Kenya, and South Africa.
During this week’s consultations, Carranza clarified that the TRC will not function as a court and will not have prosecuting powers. Instead, it will create a safe environment for victims and perpetrators alike to come forward and share their experiences, focusing specifically on events from 1987 onwards that have shaped the nation’s turmoil.
Carranza highlighted the limitations of litigation in many developing nations, noting that not all disputes can or should be resolved through courts. He shared insights from his past work in East Timor, reflecting on the impact of post-referendum violence and the establishment of its own truth commission. He emphasized the importance of crafting a truth commission that aligns with Fiji’s unique historical and political context.
The purpose of a truth commission, as explained by Carranza, is to listen to and acknowledge the experiences of those who have suffered human rights violations, rather than to assign guilt or punishment—roles that belong to the judicial system. He pointed out that in cases where perpetrators may no longer be alive or identifiable, or where evidence is insufficient for legal proceedings, a truth commission serves as a critical avenue for recognizing the experiences of victims.
Once established, the TRC in Fiji will be operational for 18 months and will prepare a report on its findings, playing a crucial role in helping the population heal from past traumas. Carranza stressed the importance of public participation in this process, urging citizens to engage actively in discussions and consultations, and recognizing various forms of participation, including social media engagement.
Ultimately, the successful design and implementation of the TRC will depend on community involvement and awareness, ensuring that the voices of those affected are heard and acknowledged in the journey toward reconciliation.