As the cyclone season approaches, the Coalition Government is diligently working on the draft National Disaster Risk Management Bill. This proposed legislation is the result of an extensive review of the Natural Disaster Management Act of 1998 and aims to enhance clarity and efficiency in responding to emerging hazards and disasters.
During a recent parliamentary session, Ratu Rakuita Vakalalabure, Chairman of the Standing Committee on Justice, Law and Human Rights, highlighted that the Bill outlines specific instructions for both State and non-State disaster responders. It emphasizes a comprehensive approach to all potential hazards, excluding civil unrest and terrorism.
A notable proposal within the draft Bill is the Fiji Cluster System, which aims to consolidate all humanitarian organizations in the country. Ratu Rakuita explained that this system would improve the coordination of humanitarian efforts and promote collaboration among various institutions involved in disaster risk management.
Additionally, the Bill expands the role of disaster service liaison officers, who will now serve as the primary contacts for government disaster risk reduction and management initiatives. Ratu Rakuita noted that past experiences have underscored the vital function of these liaison officers in ensuring effective disaster risk management across different government ministries.
The draft Bill also addresses the management of foreign aid following disasters, recognizing that substantial funds often flow into Fiji from international donors. Ratu Rakuita stressed the importance of ensuring that these funds are used effectively, introducing provisions to regulate international assistance and to prevent waste stemming from unsolicited donations.
The proposed legislation also plans to establish integrated multi-hazard early warning systems at the national level, connecting existing systems from various sectors. This will enhance real-time hazard monitoring and early warning capabilities through the National Emergency Operation Centre, linking it with key institutions.
Another aspect of the Bill is the creation of a register for non-State disaster risk management volunteers. Ratu Rakuita mentioned that this initiative aims to provide a protective framework for volunteers and to safeguard them during disaster response efforts.
The true effectiveness of the proposed Bill will depend on its implementation by relevant stakeholders, including the Fiji Council of Social Services (FCOSS). FCOSS coordinator Vani Catanasiga affirmed the Government’s commitment to consulting civil society organizations, but raised concerns regarding the accountability of government responders compared to non-State actors and community volunteers.
Catanasiga expressed her hopes for the Bill to include mechanisms that ensure civil service responders adhere to the same humanitarian standards as other responders, emphasizing that without strong accountability measures, the proposed legislation may not meet its objectives.
The future of disaster management in Fiji hinges on the successful adoption and enforcement of this Bill, as the efforts of all involved will be crucial when challenges arise.